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What Studies Find About Pay in Robot Data and Operator Work

Studies and investigations of robot data and operator work have recorded hourly earnings as low as $15 an hour (The gig workers who are training humanoid robots at home), while the robot training roles open today advertise a median of $26 an hour.

Covers
1 Jan 2026 to 10 Oct 2026
Events by the date they happened
Computed
10 Oct 2026, 21:13 UTC
Updated as sources are reviewed
Source
The studies, reports and investigations themselves, each linked beside its figure; today's advertised rates from the job boards this site reads every day.
Method
Version 1. Definitions
CC BY 4.0, how to cite
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Key findings

  1. 1

    The lowest hourly earnings measured are $15 an hour (The gig workers who are training humanoid robots at home, 2026); open robot training roles advertise a median of $26 an hour today.

    Figure 2
  2. 2

    11 studies and investigations from 2026 are recorded, with 43 figures.

    Figure 1
  3. 3

    具身智能的数据饥渴:数采员、工厂与劳务中介的“数据基建”运动 (Embodied AI's data hunger: data collectors, factories and labour agencies) (2026): trial-training pay forfeited (unpaid) if the trainee quits, 200 yuan a day, but nothing is paid if the trainee leaves during the three-day training.

    Figure 1
  4. 4

    China is training a robot future, one folded shirt at a time (2026) estimates planned workforce size (external workers) at 500,000 external workers.

    Figure 3

Figure 1

What the studies found

What have researchers and reporters measured about pay and conditions in robot data and operator work?

StudyYearMeasureFinding
Beijing's First Robot Data Factory Went Quiet After 17 MonthsChina AI Dispatch2026daily pay (data plant collectors)200 yuan a day
Beijing's First Robot Data Factory Went Quiet After 17 MonthsChina AI Dispatch2026usable data hours per eight-hour shiftroughly one hour of usable data per full eight-hour shift
Beijing's First Robot Data Factory Went Quiet After 17 MonthsChina AI Dispatch2026hourly crowdsourced rate35 yuan an hour, down from 45 yuan an hour
China is training a robot future, one folded shirt at a timeRest of World2026hourly pay20 yuan ($3) per hour
China is training a robot future, one folded shirt at a timeRest of World2026daily hours filming choressix hours a day
China is training a robot future, one folded shirt at a timeRest of World2026planned workforce size (external workers)500,000 external workers
China is training a robot future, one folded shirt at a timeRest of World2026planned workforce size (JD.com employees)100,000 employees
In Chinese data factories, workers teach humanoid robots boring tasksRest of World2026workforce size (robot trainers in China)hundreds of robot trainers across China
In Chinese data factories, workers teach humanoid robots boring tasksRest of World2026state-owned robot data collection centres announcedmore than 40 announced by December, about two dozen in operation
In Chinese data factories, workers teach humanoid robots boring tasksRest of World2026repetitions of one movement per dayhundreds of times a day
In India, workers supplement their income by filming daily tasks to help train AI roboticsBusiness Today2026hourly pay for wearing a camera at workanother ₹150 per hour, on top of about ₹20,000 a month from sorting plastic
The gig workers who are training humanoid robots at homeMIT Technology Review2026hourly pay$15 an hour
The gig workers who are training humanoid robots at homeMIT Technology Review2026workforce size (micro1 contract recorders)thousands of contract workers in more than 50 countries
The gig workers who are training humanoid robots at homeMIT Technology Review2026time spent producing one 15-minute videoan hour to make a 15-minute video
The Indian workers training AI robots to take their jobsKhaleej Times2026hourly pay250 rupees an hour (just over two dollars for an hour of video)
The Indian workers training AI robots to take their jobsKhaleej Times2026videos recorded per dayaround 90 videos a day, each about four minutes
The Indian workers training AI robots to take their jobsKhaleej Times2026workforce size (one subcontractor's contributors)2,000 contributors
The Indian workers training AI robots to take their jobsKhaleej Times2026workforce size (AI system trainers in India)a growing army of thousands
具身智能的数据饥渴:数采员、工厂与劳务中介的“数据基建”运动 (Embodied AI's data hunger: data collectors, factories and labour agencies)woshipm.com2026daily base pay200 yuan a day base; 80 yuan more for two hours of overtime; over 300 yuan with transport allowance; 100 yuan more on night shifts
具身智能的数据饥渴:数采员、工厂与劳务中介的“数据基建”运动 (Embodied AI's data hunger: data collectors, factories and labour agencies)woshipm.com2026trial-training pay forfeited (unpaid) if the trainee quits200 yuan a day, but nothing is paid if the trainee leaves during the three-day training
具身智能的数据饥渴:数采员、工厂与劳务中介的“数据基建”运动 (Embodied AI's data hunger: data collectors, factories and labour agencies)woshipm.com2026hourly subsidy paid to factory workers wearing capture devices10 to 40 yuan an hour, depending on the setting
具身智能的数据饥渴:数采员、工厂与劳务中介的“数据基建”运动 (Embodied AI's data hunger: data collectors, factories and labour agencies)woshipm.com2026minimum weekly filming hours required (home collection)more than 20 hours a week, for a claimed 100 yuan a day
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026daily pay advertised240 yuan a day
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026daily pay250 yuan a day
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026daily hours on the clock (new recruits)8 a.m. to 8 p.m., of which only about 6 hours can be filmed
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026time to put on the capture righalf an hour each time (minutes)
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026monthly pay (robot data QC reviewers)over 10,000 yuan a month
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026monthly pay advertised (technical or on-site data collection roles)8,000 to 15,000 yuan a month; over 20,000 yuan for senior or managerial roles
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026daily pay (teleoperator, night shift)370 yuan a day
我给机器人当“燃料”:叠衣服时薪30元,卖数据估值150亿 (I am fuel for robots: 30 yuan an hour to fold clothes)36Kr2026hourly pay vs data sale price30 yuan an hour paid to collectors; resold to robot companies at 300 to 500 yuan an hour
揭秘具身数据产业链:一家数据公司的独角兽之路 (Inside the embodied-data supply chain)36Kr2026effective hourly pay vs advertised (home collectors)about 17 yuan an hour effective, against 30 yuan an hour advertised; 3,000 to 4,000 yuan a month
揭秘具身数据产业链:一家数据公司的独角兽之路 (Inside the embodied-data supply chain)36Kr2026hourly pay (robot teleoperators)over 300 yuan a day, over 75 yuan an hour
日薪120元,全民数采,谁在训练下一个机器人保姆? (120 yuan a day: who is training the next robot nanny?)36Kr2026hourly pay offered for home data collection30 yuan an hour
日薪120元,全民数采,谁在训练下一个机器人保姆? (120 yuan a day: who is training the next robot nanny?)36Kr2026daily earningsabout 120 yuan a day, from at least 8 hours of filming of which under half counted as effective
日薪120元,全民数采,谁在训练下一个机器人保姆? (120 yuan a day: who is training the next robot nanny?)36Kr2026daily pay advertised (teleoperating robots at a collection site)180 to 250 yuan a day
日薪120元,全民数采,谁在训练下一个机器人保姆? (120 yuan a day: who is training the next robot nanny?)36Kr2026daily pay advertised (home collection with wearables)120 yuan a day plus performance pay
日薪120元,全民数采,谁在训练下一个机器人保姆? (120 yuan a day: who is training the next robot nanny?)36Kr2026crowdsourced pay per effective hour20 to 22 yuan an hour, down from 50 yuan an hour in early March 2026
日薪120元,全民数采,谁在训练下一个机器人保姆? (120 yuan a day: who is training the next robot nanny?)36Kr2026minimum daily collection hours requiredat least 9 hours a day, up from at least 8 hours in early March 2026
日薪120元,全民数采,谁在训练下一个机器人保姆? (120 yuan a day: who is training the next robot nanny?)36Kr2026effective (paid) hours per 8-hour filming dayoften under 2 hours; at most about 100 yuan for a day of collection
日薪120元,我给机器人当「老师」 (120 yuan a day, I am a robot's teacher)Sina Finance2026daily pay (8-hour shift, six days a week)120 yuan (day shift), 135 yuan (night shift)
日薪120元,我给机器人当「老师」 (120 yuan a day, I am a robot's teacher)Sina Finance2026minimum effective hours per 8-hour shiftat least 3 hours, at 85% accuracy
日薪120元,我给机器人当「老师」 (120 yuan a day, I am a robot's teacher)Sina Finance2026hourly pay (simple home tasks)about 20 yuan an hour; 12 yuan an hour for the most basic tasks on data collection apps
日薪120元,我给机器人当「老师」 (120 yuan a day, I am a robot's teacher)Sina Finance2026monthly earningsabout 5,000 yuan a month

Sample. 43 figures from 11 studies, reports and investigations, each from the publication linked beside it.

Each figure is as the study states it, for its own population, place and year: they are not adjusted for inflation or currency.

Compiled by. RobotTraining.jobs Research, What Studies Find About Pay in Robot Data and Operator Work, reviewed 10 Oct 2026.

CSV

Figure 2

Hourly pay in the studies, against what open roles advertise today

How do the hourly earnings researchers measured compare with today's advertised rates?

FigureYearMeasureUS dollars an hour
Open robot training roles on RobotTraining.jobs, median2026Advertised
$26.00
Open robot training roles on RobotTraining.jobs, lowest quarter2026Advertised
$22.00
The gig workers who are training humanoid robots at home: hourly payMIT Technology Review2026Measured
$15.00

Sample. Hourly figures in US dollars from the studies (1), and the advertised hourly pay of the robot training roles open on the last day of this site's live window.

Advertised pay is what a posting offers for an hour of work; a study may measure what workers actually earned, for its own population and year. The two are not the same measure.

Studies in other currencies are listed in the first figure, not converted here.

Compiled by. RobotTraining.jobs Research, What Studies Find About Pay in Robot Data and Operator Work, reviewed 10 Oct 2026.

CSV

Figure 3

How many people do this work

How many people train and operate robots, by the studies' estimates?

StudyYearMeasureEstimate
China is training a robot future, one folded shirt at a timeRest of World2026planned workforce size (external workers)500,000 external workers
China is training a robot future, one folded shirt at a timeRest of World2026planned workforce size (JD.com employees)100,000 employees
The Indian workers training AI robots to take their jobsKhaleej Times2026workforce size (one subcontractor's contributors)2,000 contributors
In Chinese data factories, workers teach humanoid robots boring tasksRest of World2026workforce size (robot trainers in China)hundreds of robot trainers across China
The gig workers who are training humanoid robots at homeMIT Technology Review2026workforce size (micro1 contract recorders)thousands of contract workers in more than 50 countries
The Indian workers training AI robots to take their jobsKhaleej Times2026workforce size (AI system trainers in India)a growing army of thousands

Sample. 6 estimates of the size of the workforce.

Estimates count different populations (one country's drone pilots, one company's operators, a program's contributors) and are not comparable with one another.

Compiled by. RobotTraining.jobs Research, What Studies Find About Pay in Robot Data and Operator Work, reviewed 10 Oct 2026.

CSV

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Method and definitions

The studies, reports and investigations themselves, each linked beside its figure; today's advertised rates from the job boards this site reads every day. Every row links the publication it is taken from, with the figure as that publication states it; nothing is estimated or converted. Each figure states what it includes beneath it.

Measured earnings
What a study found workers actually earned per hour, for its population, place and year.
Advertised pay
The hourly figure an open robot training role states (the middle of a stated range), on the last day of this site's live window. A median needs at least 8 roles stating a rate.
As published
Every figure keeps its study's own definition, currency and year: nothing is converted, deflated or pooled.

What this data cannot tell you

  • Compiled from public sources: an event that was never announced or reported is missing, and private companies' figures are what they or the press stated, not audited.
  • Studies measure different populations, years and definitions; set side by side they show a range, not a trend.
  • Robot data and operator work is new and little studied: several figures come from journalism, and an advertised offer is not measured earnings.

How the job feeds are read and roles are classified: site methodology. How fresh, complete and consistent the data is, checked every day: data quality and coverage.

Editions

The live report is the dataset as last reviewed; new events are added as they are published. Each complete month is also published as an edition, frozen two days after the month ends, so a figure you cite from an edition never moves.

Cite and reuse

Free to quote, chart and republish under CC BY 4.0 with a link to this page. Live figures change daily: cite a monthly edition for numbers that will read the same later, or keep the access date.

Citation

RobotTraining.jobs (2026). What Studies Find About Pay in Robot Data and Operator Work (live data, 1 Jan 2026 to 10 Oct 2026). https://robottraining.jobs/research/research-on-robot-data-work-pay (accessed 10 Oct 2026)

BibTeX

@misc{robottrainingjobs_research_on_robot_data_work_pay_live,
  author = {{RobotTraining.jobs}},
  title = {What Studies Find About Pay in Robot Data and Operator Work (live data, 1 Jan 2026 to 10 Oct 2026)},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://robottraining.jobs/research/research-on-robot-data-work-pay}},
  note = {Accessed 10 Oct 2026},
}

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